Probate Costs by State 2026

Court filing fees · attorney & executor fees · total cost as % of estate · 50‑state guide
national avg total cost
3%–7%
of estate value (fees + court)
avg court filing fee
$200–$500
varies by county/state
highest (statutory)
CA, FL, NY
attorney fees based on %
small estate limit
$50k–$200k
varies by state

What does probate cost? (breakdown)

court fees attorney fees executor fees appraisers Probate costs typically range from 3% to 7% of the gross estate value [citation:6][citation:8]. Below are typical components:

Court filing fee$150 – $500+ (fixed, varies by county)
Attorney feesstatutory % (CA, FL, etc.) or hourly ($300–$800/hr)
Executor / personal representative fee~2–5% of estate (varies by state)
Appraisal / accounting fees$500 – $5,000+
Bond premiums (if required)0.5% – 1% of estate value
Publication / notice costs$50 – $200

📌 Example: $1M estate in California → statutory attorney fee ~$23,000 + executor fee same amount + court costs [citation:6].


Probate costs & fees by state (2026)

court fees attorney fee structure executor compensation Data compiled from state statutes, worldpopulationreview, and probate guides [citation:3][citation:8].

StateCourt filing fee (approx)Attorney / Executor fee structureSmall estate limitInheritance/estate tax
Alabama$200–$300reasonable compensation$25,000no
Alaska$250+reasonable$50,000no
Arizona$350reasonable$75,000no
Arkansas$150+reasonable$100,000no
California$435 +statutory %: 4% on first $100k, 3% next $100k, etc. [citation:6]$184,500no (fed estate only)
Colorado$250reasonable$70,000no
Connecticut$300+reasonable$40,000estate tax >$9.1M
Delaware$250reasonable$30,000no
Florida$400statutory % (similar to CA) or reasonable [citation:3]$75,000no
Georgia$200+reasonable (~2.5% common) [citation:3]$10,000 (no real estate)no
Hawaii$300reasonable$100,000estate tax
Idaho$200reasonable$100,000no
Illinois$350reasonable$100,000estate tax
Indiana$200reasonable$50,000no
Iowa$200reasonable$25,000inheritance tax (phasing out 2025) [citation:3]
Kansas$175reasonable$40,000no
Kentucky$200reasonable$30,000inheritance tax
Louisiana$300reasonable (civil law)$50,000no
Maine$250reasonable$40,000estate tax
Maryland$150reasonable (cap 9% under $20k) [citation:3]$50,000both inheritance & estate
Massachusetts$250+reasonable$25,000estate tax
Michigan$200reasonable$25,000no
Minnesota$350reasonable$75,000estate tax
Mississippi$150reasonable$50,000no
Missouri$250reasonable$40,000 [citation:8]no
Montana$200reasonable$50,000no
Nebraska$175reasonable$50,000inheritance tax
Nevada$250reasonable$100,000no
New Hampshire$250reasonable$10,000no
New Jersey$300reasonable$50,000inheritance tax
New Mexico$150reasonable$50,000no
New York$1,200+ (large estates)reasonable (often %-based)$50,000estate tax
North Carolina$200reasonable$20,000no
North Dakota$150reasonable$50,000no
Ohio$250reasonable$35,000no
Oklahoma$150reasonable$50,000no
Oregon$350reasonable$75,000estate tax
Pennsylvania$250reasonable$50,000inheritance tax
Rhode Island$300reasonable$25,000estate tax
South Carolina$200reasonable$25,000no
South Dakota$150reasonable$50,000no
Tennessee$345 (Blount Co. example) [citation:9]reasonable$50,000no
Texas$250–$400reasonable (often %-based, up to 5%)$75,000no
Utah$200reasonable$100,000no
Vermont$200reasonable$45,000estate tax
Virginia$200reasonable$50,000no
Washington$300reasonable$100,000estate tax
West Virginia$150reasonable$100,000no
Wisconsin$200reasonable$50,000no
Wyoming$200reasonable (3-10% statutory range) [citation:3]$200,000no

* "Reasonable" means fee based on actual work/custom; statutory % states have fixed fee schedules (e.g., CA, FL). Small estate limits allow simplified procedures. Data compiled 2026 [citation:3][citation:6][citation:8].


Factors that influence probate cost

estate size larger estates = higher fees (especially in %-based states like CA, FL)
complexity multiple heirs, disputes, business interests increase attorney time
state fee structure statutory % (CA) vs reasonable/hourly (TX, NY) [citation:3][citation:8]
executor choice family executor may waive fee; corporate executor charges %
appraisals required real estate, business valuation add $1,000–$5,000
creditor claims contested claims prolong process, increase legal fees

California probate costs (highest statutory fees)

statutory fee schedule California Probate Code §10810 sets attorney & executor fees based on gross estate value (not net) [citation:6].

4% on first $100,000$4,000
3% on next $100,000$3,000
2% on next $800,000$16,000
1% on next $9Metc.
0.5% on next $15M...

For a $1M estate: attorney fee = $23,000 + executor fee same amount = $46,000 combined + court costs. That's 4.6% of gross. Executor can waive, but attorney cannot.

Texas probate costs

reasonable / hourly Texas does not have a statutory percentage. Attorney fees are based on reasonable compensation, often 3–5% of estate value or hourly ($300–$600/hr). Executor fees also reasonable. Small estate affidavit available for estates under $75,000 [citation:3][citation:8].

Harris County (Houston) filing fee approx $350. Independent administration (most common) reduces court involvement, saving costs.

Florida probate costs

Florida has statutory attorney fees for probate (similar to California but slightly different percentages). For a $1M estate, attorney fee ~$15,000–$20,000. Executor fees also reasonable. Small estate limit $75,000 [citation:3]. Court filing fee approx $400.

Florida requires publication in newspaper (~$100–$200).

US vs Canada probate fees (Ontario, Alberta, BC)

US (typical % state)

  • ✅ 3%–7% of estate
  • ✅ CA: $23k (atty) + $23k (exec) on $1M
  • ✅ FL: ~$15k–20k attorney
  • ✅ court fees $200–$500

Canada (provincial)

  • 🔵 Ontario: 1.5% over $50k → $14,250 on $1M [citation:1]
  • 🔵 Alberta: flat $525 max [citation:1]
  • 🔵 BC: ~$13,450 on $1M [citation:4]
  • 🔵 Quebec / Manitoba: $0 probate fee [citation:4]

Some Canadian provinces have no probate fees (Manitoba, Quebec) [citation:4]. Alberta has the lowest flat fee. US statutory states like CA are comparable to Ontario/BC.

How to avoid probate (or minimize costs)

living trust revocable living trust avoids probate for assets properly transferred [citation:6][citation:8]
beneficiary designations retirement accounts, life insurance, POD/TOD accounts skip probate [citation:4][citation:6]
joint ownership joint tenancy with right of survivorship passes automatically [citation:6]
TOD deeds transfer-on-death deed for real estate (available in ~30 states, including TX, CA, CO) [citation:6]
small estate affidavit if estate under state threshold (e.g., $75k TX) [citation:8]
gifting reduce estate size during lifetime (annual exclusion $19,000 in 2026) [citation:6]

Using a combination of these can reduce probate costs to nearly zero [citation:4][citation:6].

Probate cost FAQ (2026)

What is the average probate cost in the US?

Typically 3% to 7% of the gross estate value, including attorney fees, court fees, and executor compensation [citation:6][citation:8]. For a $1M estate, that's $30,000–$70,000.

Which states have the highest probate fees?

California, Florida, and New York have statutory percentage fees that can be high. California attorney fee on $1M is $23,000, plus same for executor [citation:6].

Can executor fees be waived?

Yes, an executor (especially a family member) can waive their right to compensation, saving estate money [citation:3][citation:6]. Attorney fees generally cannot be waived.

What is a small estate affidavit?

A simplified procedure for estates under a state-specific threshold (e.g., $75,000 in Texas, $184,500 in California) that avoids full probate [citation:3][citation:8].

Does having a will avoid probate?

No. A will is a set of instructions that must be validated through probate court. To avoid probate, you need trusts, beneficiary designations, or joint ownership [citation:8].

How long does probate take?

Typically 6–18 months. Complex estates can take 2+ years [citation:6][citation:8].

What are inheritance tax states?

Six states: Iowa (phasing out), Kentucky, Nebraska, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland [citation:3]. Maryland also has estate tax.

County-level example: Blount County, TN probate filing fees (2026)

Testate/Intestate filing: $345.00. With publication: $431.40. Small estate: $345. Muniment of title: $345. Claims filing: $50. [citation:9]

Fees vary by county; always check local clerk website.

Data sources & 2026 update

Probate cost information compiled from state statutes, World Population Review [citation:3], 299Trust [citation:6], Protecting Wealth [citation:8], and county fee schedules [citation:9]. Canadian data from KPMG Tax Facts 2025 [citation:4] and forum references [citation:1]. Fees are estimates; actual costs depend on specific circumstances. Consult a local probate attorney.

📌 Tax note: Post-2018, spousal maintenance (alimony) is not deductible; inheritance and estate tax rules vary by state [citation:3].

🔗 IRS estate tax · US Courts

Alimony Calculator by State US Immigration Total Cost 2026 Total Cost of Criminal Defense by State 2026